Tuesday, February 22, 2022

Eckhartz Everyday

 


*On this day in 2018, Eckhartz Press author (and Book of the Year finalist) Lee Kingsmill started up his blog. 

If you are a fan of his writing (like I am), you should check it out. He has been pretty good about updating it over the last four years. The blog chronicles his life since the death of his long-time partner. It's called "Me Now" and you can read it here.

Monday, February 21, 2022

Bob Sirott and the Cubs

 From today's Robert Feder column...

Bob Sirott, morning personality at Nexstar Media news/talk WGN 720-AM and lifelong Chicago Cubs fan, will host a series of in-depth conversations with Cubs legends for Marquee Sports Network. Sirott was hired by the Cubs to tape interviews with Ernie Banks, Glenn Beckert, Randy Hundley, Ron Santo and others in 2010 and 2011, but they’ve never been seen until now. Starting this weekend, they’ll air on Marquee’s “Icons of the Ivy” at 7 p.m. Sundays. First up is Sirott’s two-part interview with Banks. (The Hall of Famer known as “Mr. Cub” died in 2015.) “It’s a special thrill to anchor what will be a permanent record of these Wrigley favorites for generations of Cubs fans to enjoy,” Sirott said. “This even tops being the voice of the Museum of Science and Industry’s coal mine!” Additional interviews with Cubs icons are expected to follow. “We’re sure that Cubs fans will enjoy these previously unaired stories and we’re honored to have this opportunity in partnership with the Cubs organization,” said Mike McCarthy, general manager of Marquee.

Insta-Minutia

Please follow us here. We'll have some fun extra tidbits for you there.

Schlachtfest Week

Before the pandemic I emceed a banquet every year for Green White Soccer Club called "Schlachtfest". It was a celebration of soccer and sausage. We crowned a soccer queen, gave out soccer awards, and ate sausage that we made ourselves. This year the event will be virtual. (We're making the sausage on Thursday night, and handing it out on Saturday).

This is from 2016...




Eckhartz Everyday

 


*Today is actor William Petersen's birthday. Petersen is best known for his roles in iconic films like To Live and Die in LA, and television series like CSI, but he's also a fan of the Eckhartz Press book The Living Wills. Here's what he said about it on the back cover...

…a hell of an old-fashioned read. It brings to life ‘the city of broad shoulders’ and makes me homesick. I want a Billy Goat cheesborger and a shot of whiskey.

Sunday, February 20, 2022

Signature Shoes, The Audio Book

FYI...

Eckhartz Press in Homewood

 Thanks to everyone who came out to Homewood yesterday to see Randy Merkin and get a copy of his book Behind the Glass.







1969 Cubs

 This is solid gold.

..

Saturday, February 19, 2022

Minutia Men--If I Was a Hitman

 Our latest episode is out now. You can listen to it here.

A musical about a murdering rabbi, a tribute to PJ O’Rourke, a great Beatles story by someone who knew them, Jenkins at the art museum, a four-day work-week, and memories of Chris Farley are discussed by Rick and Dave. [Ep260]



Severance

Free Kicks--Kicking the Cat

 The latest Free Kicks episode is available now. Listen to it here.

West Ham defender Kurt Zouma is in trouble for kicking his cat, and Manchester United is currently a dysfunctional mess. Adam and Rick discuss. [Ep145]



Friday, February 18, 2022

Cubs Birthday Tweet of the Week

Eckhartz Everyday


 *Today is John Travolta's birthday. John Records Landecker was friends with Travolta in the 70s and 80s, and has reconnected with him since. Those incredible stories, including the story of their visit to Woodfield Mall when they were swarmed by 30,000 fans, are told in Landecker's book Records Truly Is My Middle Name.



*Dennis DeYoung from Styx is celebrating a birthday today. Two different Eckhartz Press books have great stories about Dennis, including Records Truly Is My Middle Name, but Bobby Skafish devotes an entire chapter to the former Styx leader in his book We Have Company. (Photo of Landecker and Skafish back in the day)



*Actor/Comedian Ike Barinholtz's birthday is today too. He is featured in the Eckhartz Press book Cubsessions, talking about his love of the Chicago Cubs. Becky Sarwate and Randy Richardson are the authors of that fine book.

Thursday, February 17, 2022

Eckhartz Everyday


*Today is Michael Jordan's birthday. Michael was featured in two Eckhartz Press books. Chet Coppock devoted an entire chapter to him in Your Dime My Dance Floor, and Randy Merkin did the same in his book Behind the Glass. Both titles are still available at Eckhartz Press.

Wednesday, February 16, 2022

Minutia Men Celebrity Interview

 For my rock and roll friends, this week's interview is a fun one. We talked to Loverboy's Doug Johnson. They are currently on tour with Styx and REO Speedwagon. He tells us great stories about their first gig ever (opening for Kiss), what is was like on the road back in the day (apologies to Quiet Riot), and we also talked about the Beatles documentary "Get Back" which every musician in the world has been mesmerized by.

Listen to it here.



RIP P.J. O'Rourke

 He passed away yesterday at the age of 74. I idolized him in my youth when he was the editor of National Lampoon. It was such a subversive magazine. It looked totally normal so that parents didn't have a problem with it (unless of course, they had covers like the ones below), and it was filled with unbelievably hilarious articles. Some were filthy (John Hughes' "My Vagina" comes to mind), and some were political (a lot of P.J.'s fit in that category), but all were different than the kinds of things you'd find in other magazines.

And yet, P.J. believed that he was responsible for the magazine's demise. He wrote about it a few years ago for the Hollywood Reporter. You can read it here.

RIP, P.J. O'Rourke. I didn't agree with your politics, but I always admired your wit and wisdom.




Meet Eckhartz Press Authors

 On the southside...

And on the northside...




BOB BOONE, AUTHOR OF "CITY U," FEATURED AT THE BOOK STALL

The stories in City U, Bob Boone’s third work of fiction, feature the inhabitants of a large city school – teachers, students, old folks, volunteers, administrators and a whole lot more.  

Cubs Announcers Return

 From Robert Feder's column this morning...


Jon Sciambi and Jim Deshaies will continue in the Chicago Cubs broadcast booth as play-by-play announcer and color commentator, respectively, for years to come. Marquee Sports Network announced multiyear extensions for both on Tuesday. Mike McCarthy, general manager of Marquee, called the pairing “a tremendous partnership that was apparent from their first broadcast together last season and will only continue growing stronger in the years to come,” adding: “The duo share not only a genuine love for baseball, but also a distinct sense of humor and quick wit, making for an entertaining broadcast all summer long.” Sciambi also continues as radio voice of ESPN’s “Sunday Night Baseball.”


 That is, of course, if baseball returns at all. Pitchers and catchers were scheduled to report this week, but they are being locked out by owners.

Studio Walls

    Every week I send my Minutia Men Co-Host Dave Stern a list from our audio archives for this week's Studio Walls feature. These are the possibilities for this week. Which one will he choose?

*February 13, 1967, the Buckinghams hit #1 with Kind of a Drag". We spoke to the guitarist of the band Carl Giammarese about that song, and the incredible success the band achieved in 1967. (You can listenn to the entire interview here) 

*February 14, 1991, the movie "Silence of the Lambs" was released. We talked to one of the actors from that film, Dan Butler, about his memorable scene involving bugs. (The entire interview is here.)

*February 15 is Joseph Gannascoli's birthday. The man who played Vito on the Sopranos was a guest on our podcast. (You can listen to his entire interview here)

*February 16, 2014, Dave released the video to his promotional song "Cueball Wizard". (We have the video here)

*February 16 is John McEnroe's birthday. Randy Merkin told us a story about encountering the tennis great on our podcast earlier this year. (Listen to the podcast here.)

*Feburay 16, 1968, the Beatles arrive in India to study with the Maharishi. Paul Salzman was there when it happened, and told us all about it. (Listen to the entire interview here)

*February 17, 1984, the film Footloose came out. Mike Reno of Loverboy had a song on that soundtrack and told us the story behind the song. (Listen to the entire interview here)

*Feburary 17, 1989, the movie Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure came out. Tubes lead singer Fee Waybill was in that movie and explained how it all came to be. (Listen to the entire interview here)

*February 18, 1998, Harry Caray died. We have audio of Harry talking about how he'd like to be remembered. We also have a song that I wrote about Harry's passing for the John Landecker show (Audio is on Landecker & The Legends, Volume 5)

*February 19, 2016, Rich King visited the White House along with the Stanley Cup champion Chicago Blackhawks. Rich told us that story when we interviewed him last year (Listen to the entire interview here.)

Eckhartz Everyday



*Today is John McEnroe's birthday. One of the greatest tennis players of all-time is also a memorable personality. In his book Behind the Glass, Randy Merkin tells a great story about his encounter with the tennis great, and yes it does include the line "You Cannot Be Serious."

Tuesday, February 15, 2022

Picture of the Week

 A horrible snow storm for adults, a great time for kids. 11 years ago this week. This kid is now running the instagram page for Minutia Men. He's 19.



Interview Tips

I realize that not many people who read this blog actually interview people, but for those of you who do, this advice today at the Chicago Writers Association blog, is excellent. It's written by Dan Klefstad. Read the entire blog post here.

“What did you have for breakfast today?”

This is the first question I asked people who came to be interviewed at WNIJ, the NPR station where I had an author interview program. This always-unexpected query immediately prompted a Proustian reverie starring a bagel, cup of coffee, or bacon and eggs. No madeleines appeared, but even the most nervous guest looked and sounded relaxed after declaiming the morning menu. The result was a recording that was more conversation than Q & A, something that engaged listeners and boosted the confidence of my guest. I hope you have a similar experience when you go on the radio, TV or a podcast to promote your book.

Eckhartz Everyday

 


*Ron Cey was a member of the Cubs in mid-80s, including their magical (almost) World Series season of 1984. He wasn't just memorable because of that. He also had one of the greatest nicknames in baseball history. 

They called him The Penguin. 

Naturally, he is featured in the pages of EveryCubEver. Today, on his 73rd birthday, he's featured on this blog.

Monday, February 14, 2022

Eric Litt


 Eckhartz Press author Eric Litt appeared on WGN Radio on Friday night.

You can listen to it here.

From the Writing Archives

 


My Minutia Men podcast co-host (and Eckhartz Press co-publisher) Dave Stern and I wrote a humor column together for three years in the late 00s. 

Today, on Valentine's Day, I thought I'd pull out this one for the married-for-many-years celebrants. It's called "Ten Ways to Make Your Wife Laugh"


The following is the natural comedic arc of a relationship between a man and a woman. 


1. She falls in love with you because you make her laugh. 

2. She marries you. 

3. She begins to roll her eyes. 

4. She begs you not to tell a joke again. 

5. She intentionally ruins your punch lines at cocktail parties. 

6. She says "When will you grow up?" 


Ah, love. Don’t feel bad if the above seven step process describes you perfectly. It happens to every man after a few years of marriage. When a wife gets to know her husband a little better, he becomes less and less funny. If you talked to Jerry Seinfeld’s wife she would say the same thing. 

It's really not her fault. You tell the same jokes. By the third year of your marriage she's heard every single one of them. Plus, now she's hearing those jokes from the guy who leaves his dirty socks on the floor even though he's constantly being asked to "pick up those disgusting socks." It's inevitable. No one is to blame. It's the way God planned it. 

So what can a man (who was chosen as a husband primarily because of his ability to amuse) do to keep his wife laughing? Between the two of us we have sixty years of marital experience. 

Unfortunately, here is the comprehensive list of things a husband (of more than a few years) can say to his wife to make her laugh. 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

So is that it? Your wife is never going to laugh again? Sure she will. She just won't laugh at anything you say. But you know what will make her laugh? The one guaranteed thing that makes all women laugh every single time they see it?

Show her a picture of a guy getting in the knutchkies.

Show her a video.

It's one of those things--all women think a man's groin pain is funny.

That's free of charge.

You're welcome.

Eckhartz Everyday

 


*On this day in 2015, the Eckhartz Press book Truffle Hunt was officially released. It's a great novel for foodies. Here's the author Brent Petersen with the first copy of his book. Since the book's release, Brent has become the editor-in-chief of the website Destination Eat Drink, and the host of the podcast of the same name. Highly recommended. He now lives in Portugal.



*Today is Eckhartz Press author Janet Sutherland Madden's birthday. Janet wrote the book Nose Over Toes about her recovery from a ruptured brain aneurysm. She is currently working on another book (details to come later this year!)

Saturday, February 12, 2022

Minutia Men

 Our latest episode is out now...

Listen to it here.

Hot-Sauce Daddy, Dads Helping Surgeons, Tonya Harding Songs, Adult Build A Bear, the Gambling Nun, and Mark Giangreco’s suspension stories.are discussed by Rick and Dave. [Ep259]



Friday, February 11, 2022

Cubs Birthday Tweet of the Week

I post one every day on Twitter. This week, this is my favorite one.

Free Kicks

 This week's episode is now available. Listen to it here.

The fall of the promising 20-year-old Manchester United star, and the excitement of the FA Cup are discussed by Adam and Rick. [Ep144]



Eckhartz Everyday


 *Today is the birthday of NY Times bestselling author Michael Lister (Blood Work). He's not an Eckhartz Press author, but he is a big admirer of one our authors. Here's what he said about Safe Inside by Lee Kingsmill...

  • “The best books expand our humanity by the vicarious experiences and opportunities for compassion they provide. Lee Kingsmill’s Safe Inside is just such a book. It’s rich and textured, filled with family dynamics, religion, sexuality, the refuge of the imagination, the sanctuary of movies, and most of all, the depth, truthfulness, and complexity of humanity.”

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Eckhartz Everyday

*Today is Eckhartz Press author Alex Burkholder's birthday. He wrote the tremendous book about one of the most famous fires in Chicago history, the Our Lady of the Angels fire in 1958. The book, Death of the Angels, came out to coincide with the 60th anniversary of the fire.

 *On this day in 2015, Eckhartz Press author Brent Petersen released this video to promote his book Truffle Hunt. It includes a great truffle recipe. Worth your while, foodies.

*Also on this day in 2015, Eckhartz Press author Kipper McGee got a great write up about his book Brandwidth. To read that, click here.

*Today would have been Jimmy Durante's birthday. Only one Eckhartz Press book could have a story about Jimmy Durante. It's the finalist for 2021 Book of the Year, Mob Adjacent by Jeffrey and Mike Gentile. Still available here at Eckhartz Press.

Wednesday, February 09, 2022

Illini Fan

I missed the game last night (sounds like it's a good thing I did), but I like this guy's attitude.

Minutia Man Instagram

 


We have a new way of following our Minutia Men podcast if you are interested. We'll be posting teasers and bonus features beginning next week at our brand new instagram page. Click here to follow. https://www.instagram.com/minutiamenofficial/ Could be a fun addition to your insta experience.

Studio Walls

   Every week I send my Minutia Men Co-Host Dave Stern a list from our audio archives for this week's Studio Walls feature. These are the possibilities for this week. Which one will he choose?

*February 7th is the birthday of Coleman Griffith. He was a trailblazer in baseball, one of the first sports psychologists. He was also roundly dismissed by baseball players of the day, and inspired the character in the movie The Natural (We have the audio of his famous scene)

*February 7, 1971, Earth Wind & Fire released their first album. We talked to Alan Hewitt who was one of the producers with the band, and who later joined the Moody Blues (Listen to the entire interview here)

*February 10, 1994, the Olympic Games were taking place in Lillehammer Norway. The big story about that Olympics was the drama between Nancy Kerrigan and Tonya Harding. John Landecker and I wrote two songs about that, including this one. 

*February 11, 2001, Disney released "The Tigger Movie". Little Tommy Kaempfer reviewed the film for the radio show. (We have the audio)

*February 12 is Abraham Lincoln's birthday. Dave's famous award winning poem about Lincoln has been committed to audio, and needs to be played at least once a year.

Eckhartz Everyday


 *On February 9, 1964, the Beatles appeared on the Ed Sullivan show for the first time. It was one of those iconic moments for people of a certain age--so much so that they remember exactly where they were when they saw it. Two different Eckhartz Press authors recount their experience in their memoirs. 

*Life Behind the Camera's author Chuck Quinzio was in Catholic School, and it caused more than just a ripple in the hallways there. We've excerpted that portion of his book here.

*John Landecker also writes about his take on that momentous day in Records Truly Is My Middle Name, and the effect that it had on the clothing kids wore to his school in Ann Arbor, Michigan. We've excerpted that portion of his book here.

Tuesday, February 08, 2022

Smartless

Academy Award Nominations

 They were announced this morning, and here are the main categories (via the Hollywood Reporter)...

BEST PICTURE
Belfast (Laura Berwick, Kenneth Branagh, Becca Kovacik and Tamar Thomas, Producers)
CODA (Philippe Rousselet, Fabrice Gianfermi and Patrick Wachsberger, Producers)
Don’t Look Up (Adam McKay and Kevin Messick, Producers)
Drive My Car (Teruhisa Yamamoto, Producer)
Dune (Mary Parent, Denis Villeneuve and Cale Boyter, Producers)
King Richard (Tim White, Trevor White and Will Smith, Producers)
Licorice Pizza (Sara Murphy, Adam Somner and Paul Thomas Anderson, Producers)
Nightmare Alley (Guillermo del Toro, J. Miles Dale and Bradley Cooper, Producers)
The Power of the Dog (Jane Campion, Tanya Seghatchian, Emile
Sherman, Iain Canning and Roger Frappier, Producers)
West Side Story (Steven Spielberg and Kristie Macosko Krieger, Producers)

BEST DIRECTOR
Paul Thomas Anderson (Licorice Pizza)
Kenneth Branagh (Belfast)
Jane Campion (The Power of the Dog)
Ryûsuke Hamaguchi (Drive My Car)
Steven Spielberg (West Side Story)

BEST ACTRESS
Jessica Chastain (The Eyes of Tammy Faye)
Olivia Colman (The Lost Daughter)
Penélope Cruz (Parallel Mothers)
Nicole Kidman (Being the Ricardos)
Kristen Stewart (Spencer)

BEST ACTOR
Javier Bardem (Being the Ricardos)
Benedict Cumberbatch (The Power of the Dog)
Andrew Garfield (Tick, Tick … Boom!)
Will Smith (King Richard)
Denzel Washington (The Tragedy of Macbeth)

BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS
Jessie Buckley (The Lost Daughter)
Ariana DeBose (West Side Story)
Judi Dench (Belfast)
Kirsten Dunst (The Power of the Dog)
Aunjanue Ellis (King Richard)

BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR
Ciarán Hinds (Belfast)
Troy Kotsur (CODA)
Jesse Plemons (The Power of the Dog)
J.K. Simmons (Being the Ricardos)
Kodi Smit-McPhee (The Power of the Dog)

BEST ADAPTED SCREENPLAY
CODA (Screenplay by Siân Heder)
Drive My Car (Screenplay by Ryusuke Hamaguchi, Takamasa
Oe)
Dune (Screenplay by Jon Spaihts and Denis Villeneuve
and Eric Roth)
The Lost Daughter (Written by Maggie Gyllenhaal)
The Power of the Dog (Written by Jane Campion)

BEST ORIGINAL SCREENPLAY
Belfast (Written by Kenneth Branagh)
Don’t Look Up (Screenplay by Adam McKay; Story by Adam McKay & David Sirota)
King Richard (Written by Zach Baylin)
Licorice Pizza (Written by Paul Thomas Anderson)
The Worst Person in the World (Written by Eskil Vogt, Joachim Trier)

From the Writing Archives


One of my favorite conversations from the pages of Father Knows Nothing, is featured here as this week's excerpt from the archives.

8-year-old Johnny is discussing the subject of eating snow with an even younger Sean (4 years old) as they get their boots and snowsuits on. I was listening in around the corner and recorded it for posterity. So happy I did! I always think about it when Chicago braces for a big snow storm.

Johnny is now 23. Sean is 19. (Sigh)


Sean: Why did Dad say we shouldn’t eat snow?

Johnny: He just means the yucky snow.

Sean: What’s the yucky snow?

Johnny: Anything that isn’t white.

Sean: All snow is white.

Johnny: Nuh uh. Sometimes it’s gray or black. That means it’s dirty. If you eat it, it’s like you’re eating mud.

Sean: What if it’s blue?

Johnny: It’s never blue.

Sean: What if it is?

Johnny: It won’t be. It could be yellow, though. Don’t eat that. It’s animal pee. And brown is animal—

Sean: What if it’s green?

Johnny: That’s just the grass underneath it.

Sean: What if it’s orange?

Johnny: It won’t be orange.

Sean: But if it’s a snowman’s nose, it could be orange. Snowmans have orange noses.

Johnny: They do not.

Sean: (forcefully) YES THEY DO. They have carrots.

Johnny: Fine.

Sean: What if it’s red?

Johnny: That’s blood.

Sean: No, it’s not. It’s diarrhea.

Johnny: (forcefully) NO, it’s NOT. Diarrhea is brown.

Sean: I had red diarrhea one time.

Johnny: No you didn’t.

Sean: (forcefully) YES I DID.

Johnny: Not outside in the snow.

(LONG SILENCE)

Sean: Maybe an animal has red diarrhea.

Johnny: What kind of animal?

Sean: A red fire Pokemon.

Johnny: Those aren’t real.

Sean: What about a cardinal?

Johnny: All birds have white poop.

(LONG SILENCE)

Sean: But I thought you said that white snow…

Johnny: Uh oh.

Eckhartz Everyday


 *On this day in 2018, Eckhartz Press author John Landecker (Records Truly Is My Middle Name) was lured to Grand Valley State University to give a speech to a media class. Little did he know that we had been working behind the scenes to get him his college diploma. (He had left school a few hours short because he got a great job offer). He was shocked, surprised and thrilled when he was informed he was now officially a college graduate.



*Also on this day in 2018, Lee Kingsmill (Safe Inside) appeared on WGN Radio to promote his new Eckhartz Press book. On the other end of the microphone that day, Nick Digilio. You can listen to it here.



*On this day in 1974, Joel Daly delivered a commentary about the Apollo mission. That commentary is included in his book The Daly News, and because I am so swell, I've also excerpted it here.

Monday, February 07, 2022

Eckhartz Everyday



 *Today is Burt Hooton's birthday. You may remember Burt from his time with the Chicago Cubs in the 1970s. He threw a no-hitter. His entire story is told in the book EveryCubEver.





*Today is also the birthday of Joe Lonnett. Who is that, you ask? Well, he was one of the coaches for the 1972 White Sox, which means he is part of the upcoming Eckhartz Press book "Chili Dog MVP". Pre-order your copy now.

Sunday, February 06, 2022

Minutia Men

 The latest episode is called "Brotherly Love?" and it's out now. Listen to it here.

China changes movie endings, Hall of Fame minutia, having a catch with Ray Kinsella’s dad, bad brothers, the dumbest crook ever, and a brush with Pete Rose are discussed by Rick and Dave. [Ep258]



Eric Litt

 The reason we do this--that moment an author gets to hold his book for the very first time. Congrats to Eric Litt on his new book Oscars Biggest Mistakes.



Saturday, February 05, 2022

Garry Meier


 I got a chance to reconnect with a couple of old colleagues yesterday when I appeared on Garry Meier's podcast. Great talking to Garry and Leslie Keiling.

You can listen to it here.

The Daily Herald

 Thanks so much to Jim O'Donnell at the Daily Herald. This was part of his column in the Sunday version of the paper...


Boutique bookman Rick Kaempfer reports that the updated 2022 "EveryCubEver" (eckhartzpress.com, $30) includes the record 44 players who made their debuts with the Cubs in 2021. (The previous high was 34 new Wigglies in 2013.) ...

Also from the Eckhartz file, Der Bookman said that Jim Baumann's "Grammar Moses" ($20) was the holiday season's bestseller. (Topping even "Catskill Fever: Sam Smith's 100 Funniest Bulls Post-Game Questions.") Baumann is the executive editor of The Daily Herald. ...

Friday, February 04, 2022

Cubs Birthday Tweet of the Week

A Boris Johnson Primer

In case you want an explanation of what is happening in Jolly Old. This is pretty good.

Colbert surprises

Did not see this coming...

Eckhartz Everyday

 


*On this day in 2014, Chicago broadcasting icon Joel Daly got the first copy of his Eckhartz Press book The Daly News. This is the photo we took of him at his favorite breakfast joint, the day he got the book. Dave and I had breakfast with Joel at this place in Western Springs every other month from the day his book was published until just a few months before his death. Great guy. We loved him.




*Today is Alice Cooper's birthday. Alice is featured in Bobby Skafish's book We Have Company. He's also featured in my book The Radio Producer's Handbook, and in the pages of Father Knows Nothing, I rewrote the words to "Schools Out" to more appropriately convey the subject from the parent's point of view.